Publications

All publications can be accessed by clicking on the study’s title.

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2025

Ray, C. D., & Floyd, K. (2025). Saying the wrong thing or saying nothing at all: Comparing outcomes of nonsupport versus low person-centered emotional support messages following a major personal injury or loss of employment. Communication Studies. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/10510974.2025.2532497

Floyd, K., Ray, C. D., & Boumis, J. (2025). Cognitive distortions associated with loneliness: An exploratory study. Behavioral Sciences. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15081061

Ray, C. D., & Rushing, H. (2025). Loneliness coping strategies: Their perceived effectiveness and frequency of use. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075251343037

Ball, J. Q., & Ray, C. D., (2025). Relational maintenance behaviors mediate the relationship between Alzheimer’s diagnosis severity and caregivers’ engaging in benefit finding. Health Communication. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2025.2503401

Ray, C. D., & Manusov, V. M. (2025). Modeling the potential effectiveness of low person-centered emotional support: The role of relational closeness, goodwill, and message accuracy on outcomes. Communication Studies. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/10510974.2025.2484846

Duede, L. A., Ray, C. D., & Brisini, K. S. C. (2025). Preferences for social support and perceived support gaps among attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) adults. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075251332687

Floyd, K., Ray, C. D., & Hesse, C. (2025). Theoretic principles of rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) and loneliness: A multinational replication of Hyland et al. (2019). Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2025.2465760

Ray, C. D., Scharp, K. M., Parker, E., & Donohoe, D. E. (2025). Withholding social support because those in need are undeserving: A thematic narrative analysis. Communication Research, 52(3), 316-345. https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502221146629

Floyd, K., Hesse, C., Ray, C. D., & Mikkelson, A. M. (2025). Interpersonal loneliness predicts the frequency and intensity of nightmares: An examination of theoretic mechanisms. The Journal of Psychology, 159(2), 111-131. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2024.2378418

2024

Ray, C. D., Wang, N. O., Duede, L. A., Garza, B., & Burns, J. (2024). Loneliness, stigma, and the tendency for interpersonal victimhood inhibit compassion for some but not all suffering social groups. Interpersona, 18(2), 216–237. https://doi.org/10.5964/ijpr.11807

Ray, C. D., Iannarino, N. T., Wang, N. O., Matias, B., Westerman, A., & Germann, J. N. (2024). Exploring the barriers to providing and receiving social support: A qualitative study of young adult cancer patients and young adult supporters. Health Communication, 39(12), 2707–2717. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2023.2285558

Ray, C. D. (2024). The relationships between loneliness and mental and physical health are moderated by the tendency for interpersonal victimhood: A study of young adult cancer patients. Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, 42(11), 80–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/07347332.2023.2223203

Ray, C. D. (2024). Nonsupport experiences of young adult cancer patients: Prevalence, acceptability, and outcomes of not receiving support. Health Communication, 39(6), 1129–1137. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2023.2206178

Ray, C. D. (2024). Mixed Messages: III. Negative statements within emotional support messages are more memorable than positive statements and predict longitudinal outcomes. Western Journal of Communication, 88(3), 455–481. https://doi.org/10.1080/10570314.2022.2132530

Mikkelson, A. C., & Ray, C. D. (2024). Commitment, relational uncertainty, and the investment model. Communication Research Reports, 41(2), 105–116. https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2024.2351367

2023

Ray, C. D., & Mikkelson, A. C. (2023) The multidimensional evaluation of enacted support scale (MEESS): Issues regarding factor structure, study design, and instructions. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships., 40(10), 3269-3295. https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075231171621

Ray, C. D., & Manusov, V. L. (2023). What counts as an acceptable reason for not communicating emotional support? Personal Relationships, 30(2), 596-619. https://doi.org/10.1111/pere.12470

2022

Ray, C. D., & Shebib, S. J. (2022). Determinants of loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States: A one-year follow-up study. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 39(12), 3579-3595. https://doi.10.1177/1041794X.2022.2086612

Ray, C. D. (2022). Extraversion negatively predicts compliance with social distancing and mask usage guidelines for men but not women. Research in Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 10(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.12691/rpbs-10-1-1

Floyd, K., Ray, C. D., James, R., & Anderson, A. J. (2022). Correlates of compassion for suffering social groups. Southern Communication Journal, 87(4), 324-338. https://doi.org/10.1080/1041794X.2022.2086612

2021

Ray, C. D. (2021). The trajectory and determinants of loneliness during the first two months of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 38(6), 1920-1938. https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075211016542

Ray, C. D., Harvey, J., Floyd, K., Bonito, J. A., & Reblin, M. (2021). Mixed messages: II. Outcomes associated with the proportion and placement of negative statements in support messages. Health Communication, 36(7), 856-865. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2020.1719322

Shin, Y., Pettigrew, J., Ray, C. D., & Lu, Y. (2021). Frequency and importance of interpersonal communication about a school-based intervention with parents, peers, and teachers: Application of social interface model. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 49(86), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/00909882.2021.1936122

Pettigrew, J., Razzante, R., Allsup, J., Lu, Y., & Ray, C. D. (2021). Challenging sustainability in school-based intervention in Nicaragua. Health Education, 121(4), 356-367. https://doi.org/10.1108/HE-12-2020-0115

2020

Floyd, K., York, C., & Ray, C. D. (2020). Heritability of affectionate communication: A twins study. Communication Monographs, 87(4), 405-424. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637751.2020.1760327

Ray, C. D., Floyd, K., Tietsort, C., Veluscek, A. M., Otmar, C. D., Hashi, E. C., & Fisher, R. (2020). Mixed messages: I. The consequences of communicating negative statements within emotional support messages to cancer patients. Journal of Patient Experience, 7(4), 593-599. https://doi.org/10.1177/2374373519873781

Ray, C. D., Floyd, K., Mongeau, P. A., & Randall, A. K. (2020). Success bias and inflation bias after planning and communicating emotional support messages. Journal of Cancer Education, 35(5), 972-976. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-019-01550-1

Mikkelson, A. C., & Ray, C. D. (2020). Development of the Revised Relational Maximization Scale and explorations of how relational maximization relates to personal and relational outcomes. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 34(8-9), 2482-2509. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407520928122

2019

Ray, C. D., Burke, T. J., Young, V., & Curran, M. A. (2019). Enacting social control to encourage healthier partner diet and exercise behavior: Considering the roles of constraints and topic avoidance. Southern Communication Journal, 84(5), 301-313. https://doi.org/10.1080/1041794X.2019.1644665

Ray, C. D., Floyd, K., Mongeau, P. A., Mark, L., Shufford, K. N., & Niess, L. C. (2019). Planning improves vocal fluency and appearance of concern when communicating emotional support. Communication Research Reports, 36(1), 57-66. https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2018.1560251

Ray, C. D., Manusov, V. L., & McLaren, R. M. (2019). “Emotional support won’t cure cancer”: Reasons people give for not providing emotional support. Western Journal of Communication, 83(1), 20-38. https://doi.org/10.1080/10570314.2018.1472800

Stein, J. B., Ray, C. D., van Raalte, L. J., & Mongeau, P. A. (2019). Testing the relational turbulence theory in friends with benefits relationships. Ohio Communication Journal, 57(1), 6-18.

2018

Kim, S., Ray, C. D., Larkey, L., Ramos, E., & Northfelt, D. (2018). Factors predicting unmet supportive care needs among adult cancer patients. Health Behavior and Policy Review, 5(6), 38-49. https://doi.org/10.14485/HBPR.5.6.3

Floyd, K., Ray, C. D., van Raalte, L. J., Stein, J. B., & Generous, M. A. (2018). Interpersonal touch buffers pain sensitivity in romantic relationships but heightens sensitivity between strangers and friends. Research in Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 6(1), 27-34. https://doi.org/10.12691/rpbs-6-1-4

Ray, C. D., & Veluscek, A. M. (2018). Nonsupport versus varying levels of person-centered emotional support: A study of women with breast cancer. Journal of Cancer Education, 33(3), 649-652. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-016-1125z

Pettigrew, J., Segrott, J., Ray, C. D., & Littlecott, H. (2018). Social interface model: Theorizing ecological post-delivery processes for intervention effects. Prevention Science, 19(8), 987-996. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-017-0857-2

2017

Kim, H., Ray, C. D., Veluscek, A. M. (2017). Complementary roles of facilitators and peers in promoting mHealth engagement and weight loss: An analysis of survey and in-app activity data. Journal of Health Communication, 22(11), 902-915. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2017.1373876

Ray, C. D., & Veluscek, A. M. (2017). Face threats and additional reasons for perceiving support as unwanted: A study of recently diagnosed cancer patients. Health Communication, 32(11), 1396-1402. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2016.1228027

Floyd, K., & Ray, C. D. (2017). Thanks, but no thanks: Negotiating face threats when rejecting offers of unwanted social support. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 34(8), 1260-1276. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407516673161